What is lighting?
Lighting is defined as light applications designed to make an environment and the objects in it suitable for visual perception at the desired criteria.
Good lighting provides the following benefits in summary:
-The contrast sensitivity, acuity, visual speed, colour sensitivity of the eye increases, glare is prevented; in other words, vision ability increases.
-Eye health is protected.
-Accidents are reduced.
-Work efficiency increases, business volume in trade grows and economic potential increases.
-Safety is ensured in normal and extraordinary situations.
-Aesthetic sensations and comfort needs are met.
What are the types of lighting?
- Natural lighting: It is a form of lighting that is based on daylight and allows daylight to fall on objects by directing daylight.
- Artificial lighting: It is the lighting made by using lamps and luminaires, in short, by using electrical energy.
- Mixed lighting: It is a combination of natural and artificial lighting.
Types of lighting according to the illuminated place
- Interior lighting: It is the lighting of interior spaces. It is realised using lamps and lighting fixtures. It is an important part of interior architecture.
- Outdoor lighting: It is the lighting of outdoor environments. It is realised using lamps, floodlights, street lights, sign lights and lighting fixtures.
Types of lighting lamps
The most commonly used elements in lighting are lamps. We can list the types of lamps as follows:
- Light bulbs
- Fluorescent lamps
- Halogen lamps
- Neon lamps
- Ballasts
- LED lamps
Luminaires are lighting elements developed to direct the light emitted by these lamps and to prevent glare. They should be able to tolerate the heat emitted by the lamp and direct the light at the right angle.
What is appropriate lighting?
Appropriate lighting is the use of light sources designed in the right amounts and at the right angles according to the characteristics of the object, person, place to be illuminated.
When designing appropriate lighting, the characteristics of natural or artificial light sources, architectural concepts, measurement techniques, geographical conditions and scientific data should be taken into consideration. Appropriate lighting must be human orientated. It should create psychological comfort on people and increase their daily performance. The amount, location and type of the source are very important in proper lighting. If appropriate and correct lighting is not done, light pollution occurs.
